KGB’s Secret Files. UFO (part 2)
- At July 10, 2017
- By Felipe Sandoval Correa
- In Siberia
0
Psychic games were not the only type of psychological warfare played by the world powers throughout the tumultuous 20th century. Following the Tunguska incident in 1908 (the fall of a mysterious object in Siberia described in the previous post), rampant waves of speculation were cast around what the incident could bring. But it was not until the Roswell incident in 1947 that the agencies started using this information as a tool for a cultural and political manipulation. After Perestroika and the fall of the Communist bloc, the evidence of a paranormal warfare was declassified by both the eastern and western sides. From sightings, to abductions, to abandoned aircraft and alien corpses footage, all kinds of stories came out to light spurring a flurry of speculation.
KGB military coverage of a UFO Crash
Believers have shown that many sightings registered during the sixties, especially in the northern zones of the Soviet Union, match the information provided by the recently declassified material. Some of these testimonies also talk about abductions. Stories of people being captured by extraterrestrials to be used as some kind of experiment or information tool. One of the hypotheses claims that the very same agencies that experiment with psychic warfare are the ones that carry out this mysterious kidnappings. To this day, no one officially knows.
Other released footage shows –what appears to be– extraterrestrial bodies being examined, along with military coverage of weird aircraft abandoned in forests, and so on. Since the dissolution of the USSR and the release of these documents, there has been much theory and speculation, fake material, and people trying to take advantage of the climate of the time. Former agents have come forward, declassified video is traded in mass in paranormal black markets, an image of the Soviet Union’s activities has been colorfully painted: doubles agents, blackmailing, smuggling, etc.
Autopsy of an ET body by Soviet doctors
Much of the science fiction imagery we see today has been inspired by these findings. But this is not only a thing of imaginations. Many ufologists still believe that the military and commercial technology that exists today comes from whatever was found and covered in the Roswell event (or in Tunguska event, for that matter). If you want to take a deeper look on the matter and actually see some of these videos, watch the documentary below, made on the 1990s. But beware, because you will find more questions than answers. We guarantee so.
KGB’s Secret Files (part 1)
- At July 10, 2017
- By Felipe Sandoval Correa
- In KGB, Siberia
- 0
One of the most interesting chapters of the Cold War is still an active subject of investigation. After the end of WWII, the security and intelligence agencies of both the USA and the USSR, adopted new inventive methods to gather information from the other side, to show the rest of the world about their leadership and power. On the Russian side, Stalin transformed the traditional Soviet agencies that Lenin had created to control the government, into highly sophisticated espionage laboratories. One of these secret divisions was dedicated to paranormal development studies and experiments.
KGB Headquarters in the 1970s
In 1962, the US embassy in Moscow was plagued by a series of mysterious deaths and illnesses. The CIA’s investigation found microwave emissions coming from the building across the street of the embassy. According to legend, the agents who emitted these rays were more interested in mind control than cancer. This incident came to be known as The Moscow Signal. Considering Stalin’s oppression of psychic and occult belief systems, these experiments marked a change in the regime. They would try anything to get ahead. Stalin called in the famous psychic Wolf Messing, known for his accurate predictions. In order to test Messing’s abilities, he was told to rob a bank using only his mental powers. He proceeded to hypnotize one of the bank’s cashiers, who withdrew the money for him.
Another well-known KGB case was Nina Kulagina, who specialized in psychokinesis, the power to move objects without touching them. Her biggest test was to stop a frog’s heart, in which she succeeded and was quickly asked to run the same experiment with a person. She had to be stopped before actually giving someone a stroke. When she retired, ironically because of a heart condition, Kulagina was replaced by Alla Vinogradova, under similar tests. The first objectives were not military, but rather part of the psychological warfare to prove the Soviet’s advantages over the west. For instance, the chess player Anatoli Karpov allegedly won the famous Karpov-Korchnoi match with mental aid from Dr. Zuka. There were also real programs secretly dedicated to attack by psychic means. Legendarily, zombie agents were induced to a hypnotic state to carry out these attacks without even knowing so. Cases like the attempted assasination of Pope John Paul II or the assassination of Bobby Kennedy, and even President JFK himself, were investigated though never proven to be related. This is partly related in the novel The Manchurian Candidate.
Nina Kulegina performing a telekinetic act
But this institutional belief in paranormal power did not start with the Soviet Union. Look at historical figures like Rasputin, who played a fundamental role as the Tsar’s closest counselor. Rasputin’s famous occult powers supposedly came from outer space after he witnessed the fall of a mysterious object in 1908 in the middle of a Siberian forest. The event was known as The Tunguska event. Well, something very similar happened in 1968 and of course the KGB took control of the investigation and kept it secret for the technological advantages that its outcome might suppose. After this, psychics like Karl Nicholaev demonstrated their remote viewing powers in response to what American submarines were accomplishing with the SRI research. It was not an easy race.
Photograph of Tunguska days after the explosion
More examples can be brought and found, but it is very hard to be certain about anything, even as key intelligence documents were released after the fall of the Soviet Union. The Cold War was masked with so many illusions of grandeur and control that the line between propaganda and reality is impossible to ascertain. But they may very well be continuing psychic warfare in our contemporary climate and if they succeed we will probably never find out.
The elaboration of this post was based on the following documentary:
Marianna Baker author “Red Snow, Gold Clouds”.
The Mad Monk
There is still one missing character in this whole story. Full of drama, mystery and speculation, some say he played one of the largest roles in the unfortunate and disgraceful events that took place in Russia during the first decades of the last century. His name was Grigori Rasputin, once your run of the mill Christian monk from the Russian Orthodox Church. But the simplicity stops there. Even 100 years after he died, there are details about his life and death that remain unanswered. And to this day, his mysterious power makes him an icon of darkness and fear.
He was born in 1869 in Pokróvskoye, a small village in Siberia, and since childhood was believed to have supernatural powers like foresight and mental healing. He got married at 18 and had three children, but he left home suddenly when he was 23. He spent 3 months in a monastery, where he allegedly had a vision of the Virgin Mary, leading him to a life as a Mystic. He then joined a mysterious sect that supposedly held bacchic orgies for sacred purposes, but soon left to become a pilgrim, and then an orthodox religious man again. Though this fickle religious journey his fame spread to the ears of the royal family.
Rasputin in 1910
After traveling for two years he finally arrived at St. Petersburg, where his reputation as a holy man with psychic powers grew even larger. Alexandra, the Tsar’s wife, called him to help heal the only heir of the dynasty, Alexy, who had hemophilia since birth. Miraculously, every time Rasputin went to see him, he showed signs of getting better. Many sceptics and critics explain this by claiming he would hypnotize the boy. Everyone in the high society was fascinated by him, but many accused him of evil and immoral practices, due to his past and his aura of secrecy. There was even a circle of noble ladies around him, that appear to have practiced a dogma aiming to achieve divine grace through sins and lust. He was often referred to as the Mad Monk.
Surrounded by his circle of adepts
The royal family took him in as a friend and a holy man. And with time, he eventually held a lot of political power. When the Tsar Nicholas gave the order to send troops to the WWI front without his consult, he predicted it would fail. The economy began decreasing and some attributed it to the influence of Rasputin over Alexandra. The most accepted story of his death, is that on December 16th 1916, a group of noblemen and politicians invited him to a dinner where they poisoned him with an amount of cyanide enough to kill 5 men. But it didn’t work. He was then shot 4 times and remained alive, so they beat him and wrapped him in a carpet. Then threw him in the Nevka river, where he was found frozen the next day. Prophet, faith healer, psychic, and mystic; Rasputin held enormous influence in the early days of the revolution and was partly responsible for dragging the empire to ruin.
His frozen corpse in the Nevka River
Visit our sources:
http://www.encspb.ru/object/2804023731?lc=en
http://www.omolenko.com/en/rasputin/st-grigori-rasputin-ideas-and-thoughts.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigori_Rasputin
http://www.rasputin-photos.narod.ru/
And watch this intriguing documentary:
“Red Snow, Gold Clouds” thriller by Marianna Baker and Anna Baker
The Mafiya and Latin America
- At August 31, 2016
- By Felipe Sandoval Correa
- In Siberia
- 0
Ancient knowledge isn’t always too old to matter. Here’s something fresh, related to the contemporary face of crime: arms and drugs. As we all know, mafias have always existed in different ways. Easy but not-so-clean money. Huge but risky rewards. In the globalized era, the Russian mafias have taken control of a large portion of the arms market, and regularly strike lucrative deals with drug dealers and smugglers. Where exactly? Latin America, mostly. And that includes my country, Colombia, alongside places like Brazil, Bolivia and Peru, where the most infamous criminal structures around drugs production were easily built in a few decades with the help of cheap and good arms.
Submarine used for drug traficking found in the Colombian rainforest
Due to the emergency politics of Perestroika developed by Gorbachev in a desperate attempt to save the Soviet Union, it became easier to access and “legalize” commercial activities with the outside world. Thus, the preexisting clandestine business of everything valuable (not just arms), grew larger each day. After the definitive fall of the Union it became even easier to move the operational centers abroad and negotiate largely. The people building this commerce became known as the New Russians, often compared with the Italian mafia of the 1920s, but worldwide.
M. Gorbachev and G.H.W. Bush in the times of Perestroika
Drug prices in the former Soviet countries, especially Russia, skyrocketed to an unthinkable level, turning the narcos’ attention towards the east. And the ongoing Colombian civil war needed better arms to sustain itself. The perfect platform for the perfect deal. Each exchange would take away thousands of tons of cocaine (and some others) to Moscow or even Kiev through the Vladivostok-Siberian route, for instance. This could happen monthly, and bring shiploads of Kalashnikov rifles, grenades, and even instructions to build small submarines, to a small Atlantic port like Turbo, or even through the Pacific in places like Buenaventura. And the deals were closed with all sides of the war, from communist guerrillas like FARC to right-wing paramilitary or vigilante groups.
FARC rebels with AK-47 rifles
And we are only talking about Colombia here, let alone the rest of the continent. The Caribbean was perfect for money laundry, then Argentina and Uruguay and really every country in the continent was bombarded with all kinds of smuggling. It was crime paradise. How the operations actually worked make a topic for a whole post. Names, places, dates, amounts, and what has happened in the last two decades, might be detailed later on. In the pages of the novel Red Snow, Gold Clouds by Marianna Baker, you’ll find out about an intriguing story that involves all this and much more.
Main sources:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1998/03/98/russian_mafia/70095.stm
http://www.monografias.com/trabajos14/mafia-rusa/mafia-rusa.shtml
http://www.semana.com/especiales/articulo/la-conexion-colombo-rusa/35416-3
Roerich Universe
Few people in history can project such admiration as the renaissance men. Born in 1874 in Saint Petersburg, Nicholai Roerich was a multidisciplinary artist, scientist, philosopher and mystic; the leading scholar of his time. Since his youth, people had noted his uncommon habits. He loved to collect objects, read adventure books. He even created his own botanical garden to draw and study plants. He took part in archaeological expeditions with famous scientists. His interests and creativity were extraordinary yet he eventually entered law school at the bequest of his father, a notary who was skeptical of art and science’s profitability. Nicholai, however, persuaded his father to let him study both law and the arts, which he completed with remarkable dedication and passion in two great universities.
Helena Roerich
Roerich catalogued and studied all the important art works of Russia and became the president of the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts. He was not just a studious academic of art (and architecture), he was also a very talented and prolific painter. But it doesn’t stop there. Roerich was a stage designer, a ceramist and a writer. He even managed to maintain a life-long practice of archaeology. But the story of his life would be incomplete without his true soul mate, Helena, an accomplished writer, philosopher, and the eternal inspiration for his work. Nicholai and Helena got married in 1901. They grew, hand in hand, in all aspects of life. Together, they developed an interest in the complexity of the ethics, thought and belief systems of Indian tradition. Together, they studied the great teachings of the Theosophists.
After the victory of the Revolution, the Roerichs (now with two sons) became political activists in defense of art and heritage, without getting involved with in any party. He even rejected a position offered by the Soviet ministry. However, illness forced Nicholas and his family to step down from their activism and migrate to Finland. Later, in 1919, they moved to England, where they became close friends with prominent figures of the intellectual and spiritual spheres of the time, along with the most important political leaders in India. It was then that they initiated their own school of thought that intended to encompass their understanding of the cosmic universe. They called it: Agni Yoga.
Woman holding the International Banner of Peace after the ‘Roerich Pact’
After settling in the United States for a couple of years, the Roeriks embarked themselves in two revealing expeditions in search of the genuine wisdom of the eastern world. They traveled through Mongolia, China and the Tibet, India and later Manchuria. According to some, it was during this journey that they claimed to have contacted the Shambhala spiritual world (this might sound familiar to you). Roerich died in December 1947 in Naggar, India, leaving a profoundly valuable legacy with countless institutions rendering tribute to his name. His art pieces can be found in many museums in modern Russia and around the world. He was also nominated multiple times for the Nobel Peace Prize because of his lasting teachings on unity and mutual understanding for mankind. There’s even a planet named after him, an apt metaphor of his unaccountable wisdom that might as well have come from outer space.
Roerich’s painting of Pothala in Tibet
Don’t forget to visit our sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Roerich
http://www.roerichs.com/Lng/en/Index.htm
And watch this short documentary:
“Red Snow, Gold Clouds” thriller by Marianna Baker and Anna Baker
Genghis Khan -The Great Conqueror
The steppes don’t only hold the spiritual miracles of their indigenous peoples, but they also gave birth to one of the most famous warriors and leaders of the ancient world history. In the mid 12th century, Europe’s dark ages were over-shadowed by the cultural domination of the Islamic empires and the Chinese kingdoms, in the middle east and far east respectively. Between those two political and economical powers are the vast plain steppes. These steppes were not empty. Thousands of nomadic tribes lived (and continue to live) there with their own diverse rules and customs, one of which began to arise above the rest, tempted by the prosperous empires surrounding them.
This clan was the Borjigin, a Mongol tribe of aristocrats, and it was commanded by Yesugei, son of the last Khan, with his small but fierce son; Temujin. Because of his power and influence, Yesugei was poisoned by the Tatars, leaving a very young Temujin to rule the tribe alone. From there, resentment and hunger for revenge shaped him into a charismatic and strategic leader. By forging friendships and unifying peoples towards the same horizon, Temujin quickly became an even more important figure than his father had been. He developed remarkable strategic military tactics, political skills and a respectful approach to other cultures, even after conquering them.
Mongol siege of a city
He eventually took his revenge against the Tatars, but he didn’t stop there. After convincing or conquering dozens of clans to his side, he was named Genghis Khan (the Great King) of all the nomadic peoples. And he didn’t stop there either. He continued to conquer the remaining tribes and expand the domains of his new Mongolian Empire into the Chinese and Muslim kingdoms and even some countries in Eastern Europe. He would not stop until he had the whole world at his feet. And he made it pretty far. In fact, the Mongols conquered more land in 25 years than the Romans did in 400.
Mongol Empire throughout the years
After his mysterious death in 1227, his sons and grandsons continued his campaigns using the same techniques of warfare and smart administration, but the Empire eventually faded away like the wind in the steppe. The sophisticated war, tax, trade, messaging and governing systems that Genghis Khan implemented in his ever-growing empire set new standards for humankind, and created entirely new countries, borders, languages and cultures that exist today. The legend will live on.
Statue of Genghis Khan in modern Mongolia
Check out our sources:
http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Mongol
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/03/140310-genghis-khan-mongols-mongolia-climate-change/
The Hidden Kingdom. Altai mountains
On Kazakhstan´s eastern border with Russia, there is a very special mountain range. It is called “Altai”, which in Mongolian means Golden Mountain, a name that begs mystery in itself. Historically, the range has been said to be the home of the first Native Americans before they crossed the strait. Nowadays, scientists seek geological information in the deepest cores of the mountain’s glacier, claiming that it holds up to 5,000 years of ecological history. And maybe, most importantly, the Altai mountains, specifically the highest peak, the Belukha Mountain, is an attraction to spiritual seekers from all over the world.
Lake Akkem and Mt. Belukha
On the Russian side, the territory called the Altai Republic, (besides Kazakhstan) borders with China, Mongolia and Tuva. As you can imagine, it is a very special and diverse place, a place where many of the most complex belief systems of the world coexist. The population of this territory is divided between Russian Orthodox and other Christians (such as Old Believers and Protestants), Muslims, and Hinduists. But nearly 40% of its people have shamanic-related costumes, like the Tengrist. As you can recall from our earlier post, shamanism plays a crucial role within Russian´s people history.
Shamanic drawings on Tengric drum
According to an ancient tradition of the Altai people, somewhere in the Belukha Mountain, there may be a hidden gateway that will take you to a great mystical land: the Kingdom of Shambhala. The notion was imported from the Tibet region, from the texts of the Zhangzhung and Bon (Buddhist tradition) and the Vishnu Purana (Hindu tradition). They describe the kingdom as what we could consider an eastern version of the Christian heaven. The Kalachakra tantra is an ancient teaching of the Buddha to one of the kings of Shambhala, that has re-surfaced in recent history and formed a new following called “Shambhala Buddhism.” The range holds the root of many spiritual stories and a setting in Marianna Baker’s novel “Red Snow, Gold Clouds.” What secrets could this Hidden Kingdom show to our readers when they pass across the mysterious Belukha Mountain.
Visit our sources:
http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/altai.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_Mountains
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_Republic
http://www.tangrim.org/main.html?src=%2Findex2.html
http://www.kalachakranet.org/kalachakra_tantra_shambhala.html
http://www.kalacakra.org/aboutk.htm
Andt watch this short UN documentary on the region:
And this time-lapse on the elaboration of the Kalachakra Mandala in 2009:
“Red Snow, Gold Clouds” triller by Marianna Baker and Anna Baker authors
The Revolution of 1917
In the middle of WWI, poverty, hunger and violence forced the people of Russia to desperately seek a solution. Something, anything new. A ghost that had been wandering around Europe for the past few decades was reviving itself. Beginning with the protests in Petrograd (St. Petersburg). Consequently, the military joined the people’s indignation and rising, took over the government of the Tsar and installed a provisionary institution instead that was familiar to the Empire before the Tzar: the Duma. All this, happened in February 1917. But the war wasn’t over and food hadn’t come, so people carried on with their demands. Finally the Tsar abdicated, we already know that story. But what happened between the end of the Romanov’s and the great communist State?
Massive protest in Petrograd
Vladimir Lenin came back from Switzerland to take advantage of the confusion and chaos (He had been exiled after the failure of the revolution 12 years before, which ended up in the holocaust of the Bloody Sunday). In April, he declared that all the power should be taken away from the new government and given to the Soviets (the worker’s unions). In order to get there, he had to remove all opposition to the Bolshevik party. Far from answering his demands, the official military lead by Alexander Kerensky, opened another war front deepening the crisis. People started to follow Lenin’s revolutionary rhetoric again, but again their protests were repressed. And, just like before, Lenin managed to run away.
Lenin giving a speech
Two months before the democratic elections, protests started once more. And Lenin saw a new opportunity to siege power with the Bolsheviks, so he came back from Finland, where he was exiled. They occupied strategic positions in official buildings and palaces in the middle of an October night. And just like that, they arrested all the ministers and leaders of the provisional government gaining real control over all the people of Russia. They made immediate reforms, took the country out of the war and installed a socialist State which removed all of the opposition parties. Not everyone was very happy with this, instigating a Civil War between the supporters of the former regime and the communists. The book Red Snow, Gold Clouds, which is still at work by Marianna Baker, tells the story of young Lydia Markova; her escape during the Civil War as she journeyed from Moscow to Harbin, China, in 1919.
Depiction of the Revolution
Sources:
http://www.orlandofiges.info/section6_TheOctoberRevolution1917/index.php
http://www.ditext.com/yarmolinsky/yarframe.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Revolution
Documentary:
The Death of the Dynasty
The Romanovs’ end was the product of the Red Army’s conspiracy after they won the civil war. But the war didn’t come out of nowhere. Workers, peasants and people in general wouldn’t stand the Empire’s decision to spend billions of rubles on two wars (Japan and Europe), while their own population was starving. We already know about the process and the outcome of the civil war so let’s talk about how the new government erased any possibility of the royal and noble peoples regaining power in Russia.
When he realised that he could no longer rule sufficiently and that he, himself, was partly responsible for the crisis and rise of revolution, Nicholas II abdicated in favor of Mikhail, his younger brother. Unfortunately for the Empire, Mikhail also didn’t trust himself, resigning the next day because he decided that the State had to be reformed with the people’s consent before it could be ruled. And that’s how 300 years of Romanov power came to an end. But the royal family knew that the revolutionary army would never accept this as the only thing won, and that there would be other attempts to reclaim the throne. So they tried to escape into exile but did not succeed. They got on a train to go to Tobolsk in August 1917, as advised by the provisional government of Alexander Kerensky, in an attempt to save themselves. Two months later the Bolsheviks had full control of the government.
Mikhail Romanov, officially last Tzar
The family, with 45 of their servants, were practically living imprisoned, eating what they could and wearing regular clothes. And were moved again, in May 1918 to Yekaterinburg, filled with fear of prosecution by trial every single day, waiting for the Czech Legion to come and rescue them. But it was a false hope. One night, commandant Yakov Yurovsky appeared with a group from the military, gathered the whole family in a small room “for their own safety”, took a picture of them, and told them they were sentenced to death by the Ural Soviet. Nicholas Romanov, his wife, Alexandra, their four daughters, Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia and his only son, 14-year-old sick Alexei, and four servants were shot dead.
The Romanovs on a roof’s house in Tobolsk
In the year 2000, the members of the family were canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church. But this was not the only tribute. Investigations surrounding the various rumours and suspicions of their deaths’ arose and were eventually taken up by scientists and explorers after the fall of the Soviet Union, 25 five years ago. Mysteries abound in the case of the slain royal family, for instance, Trotsky’s letters and Yurovsky’s reports were found along with the remains of the family’s bodies, among many other treasures. These mysteries have brought all forms of speculation including artistic creation, like the secret story of Anastasia, the youngest daughter of Nicholas, who was believed to have survived to the shooting, and whose story was recreated in a Disney motion picture. Her remains, though, were found in 2007. To this day, there are still people claiming to be descendants of the survivors of the Romanovs relatives, and state that they have rights to the throne.
María Vladímirovna Románova, one of the current claimants to the Russian throne
You can see our sources here:
http://www.angelfire.com/pa/ImperialRussian/news/martyrs.html
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/nicholas.htm
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,133226,00.html
http://www.alexanderpalace.org/palace/mainpage.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanov_impostors
You might also be interested in this last-minute news about the Romanovs’ past:
https://www.rt.com/news/319835-russia-tsar-exhume-romanov/
And check out the last chapter of the documentary we showed you:
The Lost Dynasty
Three hundred years of family business. Nineteen Emperors and Empresses ruling with elegance, charisma, intrigue and might. Starting with Mikhail, ending with Mikhail. Building palaces and conquering vast lands. Succeeding one after another to govern hunger and cold with hidden gold and huge power, given by the glory of God and the Church. The legacy of the Romanov Dynasty started in mysterious ways and was ended by dark means in the midst of new worlds.
It started in 1613 when Mikhail I, a 16-year-old boy, was elected as Emperor of Russia by an assembly of boyars, a traditional noble class of the time. Mikhail was the son of Feodor Nikitich Romanov (later crowned as Patriarch Filaret), and the grandson of Roman Zakharin-Yuriev, from whom the name came to existence. Mikhail was elected after the death of Ivan IV, the Terrible, who had killed his own son when his wife, Anastasia, was assassinated by the boyars. And Ivan’s youngest son, Feodor, died childless. Thus his brother-in-law, Boris Godunov, was elected as Tsar in 1599 and did everything he could to keep the Romanovs away. This didn’t last long, because a wave of False Dmitriys, one after another, claiming to be Feodor’s children, took him down and restored the Dynasty.
Peter the Great
After Mikhail, came his son Alexis I, in 1645, and his grandson Feodor III, in 1676. Feodor died without children, bringing rise to a new conflict between the descent of Alexis and Peter, and his stepbrother and sister Ivan and Sofia. We’re talking about Peter the Great, who started the importation of European influence and colonizing lands in Siberia. He founded the great city of St. Petersburg. (That’s where the name comes from.) He was the first one to call himself Tsar of all Russia. At his death in 1725, the boyars elected his wife, Catherine I, to succeed him, and after her came a few children, nephews and grandchildren who ruled in the new era of Russia continuing the tradition of fashion, magnificent palaces and powerful conquests. Until Catherine II, widow of one of the grandsons of Peter and Catherine I, conspicuously appeared in the throne in 1762. It is said that the nobles and the church forced him to abdicate in her favor.
Catherine the Great
A series of new conspiracies were formed in order to obtain the throne involving lots of murder. Alexander I, grandson of Catherine, and his brother Nicholas I, finally regained the power for the dynasty in 1825. And then a new Alexander and a new Nicholas came along. As the last one came to power, a whole new world was arising around the globe and Russia was not prepared. Just as Nicholas II was not prepared to be a Tsar. And was not prepared to fight two external wars and one internal civil war, of which we’ve learned already. In the end, all the members of the family were killed by the revolutionary army of the Bolsheviks. Mikhail, Nicholas’ brother, ruled for a few hours before he was banished and also executed, the finale of the Dynasty of the Romanovs, that had finally came to an end.
Nicholas II
Visit our sources:
http://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/214.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Romanov
There’s also a great series of documentaries about the dynasty: